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Alcoholic Ketoacidosis Reviewed 10/2010

Jefferson D. Bracey, Charles Garcia
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BASICS

  • Description
  • Etiology

DIAGNOSIS

  • Signs and Symptoms
  • Essential Workup
  • Tests
  • Differential Diagnosis

TREATMENT

  • Pre-hospital
  • Initial Stabilization
  • ED Treatment
  • Medication (Drugs)
  • In-patient Considerations

ONGOING CARE

  • Follow-Up Recommendations
The following is an excerpt....
BASICS
Description
  • Increased production of ketone bodies due to:
    • Malnourished and hypovolemic patient
    • Depleted glycogen stores in the liver
    • Elevated ratio of NADH/NAD due to ethanol metabolism
    • Increased free fatty acid production
  • Elevated NADH/NAD ratio leads to the predominate production of β–hydroxybutyrate (BHB) over acetoacetate (AcAc)
Etiology
  • Malnourished, chronic alcohol abusers following a recent episode of heavy alcohol consumption:
    • Develop nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain
    • Leading to the cessation of alcohol ingestion
  • Presentation usually occurs within 12–72 hr

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