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Intracerebral Hemorrhage Reviewed 10/2010

Atul Gupta, Rebecca Smith-Coggins
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BASICS

  • Description
  • Etiology

DIAGNOSIS

  • Signs and Symptoms
  • Essential Workup
  • Tests
  • Differential Diagnosis

TREATMENT

  • Pre-hospital
  • Initial Stabilization
  • ED Treatment
  • Medication (Drugs)
  • In-patient Considerations

ONGOING CARE

  • Follow-Up Recommendations
The following is an excerpt....
BASICS
Description

Hemorrhage into brain parenchyma:

  • Compression of brain tissues
  • Secondary injury results from:
    • Cerebral edema
    • Increased intracranial pressure (ICP)
    • Potential of brain herniation
Etiology

Intracerebral hemorrhage can occur spontaneously or from trauma:

  • Uncontrolled or acute HTN (most common)
  • Vascular malformations:
    • Arteriovenous malformation
    • Venous angiomas
    • Ruptured cerebral aneurysms
  • Neoplasm (particularly melanoma and glioma)
  • Anticoagulant therapy (Coumadin, heparin)
  • Thrombolytic agents
  • Illicit drugs (cocaine, amphetamines)
  • Bleeding disorders (hemophilia)
  • Cerebral amyloid angiopathy
  • Traumatic hemorrhage secondary to blunt or penetrating injury

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