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Iritis Updated 10/2010

Jessica Freedman
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BASICS

  • Description
  • Etiology

DIAGNOSIS

  • Signs and Symptoms
  • Essential Workup
  • Tests
  • Differential Diagnosis

TREATMENT

  • Initial Stabilization
  • ED Treatment
  • Medication (Drugs)
  • In-patient Considerations
The following is an excerpt....
BASICS
Description
  • Inflammation of anterior uveal tract
  • Iritis and anterior uveitis are synonymous.
  • Uveitis secondary to trauma is also called traumatic iritis.
Etiology
  • Most cases are idiopathic, but may be traumatic or associated with numerous infectious and noninfectious systemic diseases.
  • May be acute or chronic.
  • Noninfectious systemic diseases include the following:
    • Ankylosing spondylitis
    • Reiter syndrome
    • Sarcoidosis
    • Behçet disease
    • Inflammatory bowel disease
    • Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
    • Kawasaki syndrome
    • Interstitial nephritis
    • IgA nephropathy
    • Drug reactions
    • Sjögren syndrome
    • Psoriatic arthritis
  • Infectious conditions include the following:
    • Viral:
      • Rubella
      • Measles
      • Adenovirus
      • Herpes simplex virus
      • Herpes zoster virus
      • HIV
      • Mumps
      • Varicella
      • Cytomegalovirus
      • West Nile virus
    • Bacterial:
      • Tuberculosis
      • Syphilis
      • Pertussis
      • Brucellosis
      • Lyme disease
      • Chlamydia
      • Rickettsia
      • Gonorrhea
      • Leprosy
    • Fungal:
  • Malignancies include the following:
    • Leukemia
    • Lymphoma
    • Multiple sclerosis
    • Malignant melanoma ...

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Figure 13.8. Acute iritis. This eye demonstrates the perilimbal injection and corneal edema that is common to both acute iritis and acute angle-closure glaucoma. The constricted miotic pupil seen here is characteristic of acute iritis.Credit: From Harwood-Nuss A, MD FACEP, Wolfson AB, MD, FACEP, FACP, et al. The Clinical Practice of Emergency Medicine, 3rd Edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2001.