The following is an excerpt....
BASICS
Description
- Flexion compression fracture:
- Wedge compression:
- If <50% anterior compression of the vertebral body, injury considered stable
- No ligamentous injury
- No neurologic deficit
- Burst fracture:
- Vertebral body fracture with retropulsion of bone into the neural canal
- Kyphosis evident on lateral radiograph
- Posterior ligamentous injury
- Anterior compression, lower extremities, calcaneal fractures
- Possible neurologic deficit
- Flexion distraction (lap belt injury):
- Abdominal injuries likely
- Chance fracture:
- Purely bony injury; fracture line through spinous process, pedicles, and vertebral body
- No kyphosis evident on lateral radiograph
- Often no neurologic deficit
- Facet dislocation:
- Mostly soft-tissue injury; no fracture
- Complete disruption of posterior ligaments and intervertebral disc
- Neurologic deficit may be present.
- Flexion rotation:
- Unstable injury
- Neurologic deficit often present
- Extension:
- Unstable, uncommon
- Disruption of anterior longitudinal ligament and intervertebral disc
- Neurologic sequelae rare but ...
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