Increase in serum creatinine (SCr) of ≥0.3 mg/dL within 48 hours
A 50% increase in SCr within 7 days
Urine outp...
A...
Total caloric intake of 20 to 30 kcal/kg/day (1)
Restrict Na+ to 2 g/day (unless hypovo...
Coca SG, Singanamala S, Parikh CR. Chronic kidney disease after acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Kidney Int. 2012;81(5):...
Glomerulonephritis, Acute; Hepatorenal Syndrome; Hyperkalemia; Prostatic Hyperplasia, Benign (BPH); Chronic Kidney Disease; Reye Syndrome; Rhabdomyolysis; Sepsis
Algorithm: Anuria or Oliguria
N17.0 Acute kidney failure with tubular necrosis
N17.1 Acute kidney failure with acute cortical necrosis
N17.8 Other acute kidney failure
N17.9 Acute kidney failure, unspecified
N17.2 Acute kid...
Three categories of AKI:
Prerenal: decreased renal perfusion (often from hypovolemia) leading to a decrease in GFR; reversible
Intrarenal: intrinsic kidney damage; ATN most common due to...
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Hemidialysis
Microvesicular fatty liver. A liver biopsy specimen in a case of Reye syndrome shows small droplet fat in hepatocytes and centrally located nuclei.
Microvesicular fatty liver. A liver biopsy specimen in a case of Reye syndrome shows small droplet fat in hepatocytes and centrally locate...
<bold>FIGURE 67-3</bold> <bold>Immune complex glomerulonephritis. A.</bold> Immunofluorescence staining of the glomerulus stained with antibodies directed against C3 showing deposits in the capillary walls and the mesangium. <bold>B.</bold> Electron micrograph of a glomerular tuft revealing electron-dense immune complex deposits in the mesangium (single arrow) and subendothelial capillary space (double arrow). The basement membrane splits to surround the subendothelial d...
<bold>FIGURE 67-3</bold> <bold>Immune complex glomerulonephritis. A.</bold> Immunofluorescence staining of the gl...
<bold>Fig GU 33-1. Chronic renal failure.</bold> Parasagittal sonogram of the right kidney (RK) shows that the echogenicity of renal cortical tissue has increased to such an extent that it is now greater than that of the hepatic parenchyma (L). The renal medullary pyramids (P) are clearly visible in the right kidney. (D, diaphragm; H, head.)<sup>2</sup>
<bold>Fig GU 33-1. Chronic renal failure.</bold> Parasagittal sonogram of the right kidney (RK) shows that the echogenicity of...
FIGURE 3-2. Peritoneal dialysis, in which the dialysate is infused into the peritoneal cavity by gravity. (Reprinted with permission from Rosdahl, Kowalski. Textbook of Basic Nursing. 8th Ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2003:1208.)
FIGURE 3-2. Peritoneal dialysis, in which the dialysate is infused into the peritoneal cavity by gravity. (Reprinted with permission from...
Fig 13-7. Peritoneal dialysis. A semipermeable membrane richly supplied with small blood vessels lines the peritoneal cavity. With dialysate dwelling in the peritoneal cavity, waste products diffuse from the network of blood vessels into the dialysate.
Fig 13-7. Peritoneal dialysis. A semipermeable membrane richly supplied with small blood vessels lines the peritoneal cavity. With dialysa...
Hemodialysis.
Hemodialysis, external arteriovenous shunt. Illustration of the medial side of the right arm with an external arteriovenous shunt uses in hemodialysis.
Hemodialysis, external arteriovenous shunt. Illustration of the medial side of the right arm with an external arteriovenous shunt uses in ...
Hemodialysis, internal arteriovenous fistula. Illustration of the medial side of the right arm with an internal arteriovenous fistula used in hemodialysis.
Hemodialysis, internal arteriovenous fistula. Illustration of the medial side of the right arm with an internal arteriovenous fistula used...
<bold><italic>Figure 19-11</bold> Crescentic glomerulonephritis.</bold> Crescent of epithelial cells proliferates along the parietal rim of the glomerular space and obliterates the glomerulus. Crescentic glomerulonephritis is an anatomic finding in progressively worsening glomerulonephritis of many types. Reprinted with permission from Rubin E. Pathology. 4th ed. Philadelphia. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins 2005.
<bold><italic>Figure 19-11</bold> Crescentic glomerulonephritis.</bold> Crescent of epithelial cells proliferates ...
<bold><italic>Figure 19-12</bold> Membranous glomerulonephritis (light microscopy).</bold> Basement membrane is thickened by immunoglobulin deposits.
<bold><italic>Figure 19-12</bold> Membranous glomerulonephritis (light microscopy).</bold> Basement membrane is th...
Graft for hemodialysis angio access - A self-sealing polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) silicone graft is used as an internal bridge (AV fistula) for vascular access in patients requiring maintenance hemodialysis. In the figure the graft bridges the brachial artery to the axillary vein
Graft for hemodialysis angio access - A self-sealing polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) silicone graft is used as an internal bridge (AV fistu...
Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: Step 1 After applying a mask, a bag of dialysate is attached to the tube entering the patient's abdominal area so that the fluid flows into the peritoneal cavity. The mask is removed when this step is completed.
Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: Step 1 After applying a mask, a bag of dialysate is attached to the tube entering the patient's ...