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Alport Syndrome

Konstantin Abramov, MD, MHL and Arun Chutani, MD Reviewed 05/2023
 


BASICS

DESCRIPTION

  • A group of heterogenous genetic diseases (1) with defects in one of several subunits of type IV collagen that cause progressive hematuric nephritis, ocular abnormalities (2) and sen...

DIAGNOSIS

HISTORY

  • Gross hematuria (2/3 of preschool boys with X-linked type)

    • Less common in girls

    • May be triggered by upper airway infections

    • Infrequent in adults

  • Microhematuria (± symptoms)

    • More common tha...

TREATMENT

GENERAL MEASURES

  • No effective medical cure

  • BP goals:

    • <70th percentile in children

    • <130/80 mm Hg in adults

  • Hearing monitoring and rehabilitation with devices

  • Periodic ophthalmologic exams

  • Rena...

ONGOING CARE

FOLLOW-UP RECOMMENDATIONS

  • No specific restrictions

  • Pregnancy: Outpatient pregnancy monitoring appears appropriate if renal function (proteinuria, serum albumin, and creatinine) and BP remai...

REFERENCES

1
National Cancer Institute. NCI Dictionary of Genetics Terms. Definition of genetic heterogeneity. Available at: https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/genetics-dictionary/def/gen...

ADDITIONAL READING

  • Alport syndrome — symptoms, causes, treatment. NORD. Available at: https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/alport-syndrome/. Accessed March 31, 2023.  

  • ...

CODES

ICD10

Q87.81 Alport syndrome 

SNOMED

399340005 hereditary nephritis (disorder) 

CLINICAL PEARLS

  • AS is caused by mutations that arrest the normal development of collagen in the GBM, cochlea, and the lens capsule.

  • AS should be considered in patients with hypertension, hearing loss, ...

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