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Amyloidosis

Theresa A. Townley, MPH, MD and Faith Abodunrin, MD Reviewed 06/2022
 


BASICS

DESCRIPTION

  • An uncommon disorder in which proteins change conformation, aggregate, and form fibrils that infiltrate tissues, leading to organ dysfunction and increased risk of mortality. Deposit...

DIAGNOSIS

HISTORY

  • Four essential steps in diagnosing AL:

    • Considering the diagnosis based on presentation

    • Confirm diagnosis by tissue biopsy.

    • Determine the precursor protein.

    • Define the extent of involvemen...

TREATMENT

GENERAL MEASURES

  • Familial (ATTR): liver transplant to remove site of synthesis of the mutant protein

  • Hemodialysis and renal transplantation for renal amyloid

  • Hemodialysis-related amyloidosis: C...

ONGOING CARE

FOLLOW-UP RECOMMENDATIONS

Patient Monitoring

  • Routine monitoring of renal function

  • Monitor adverse effects of medications.

  • AA: Maintenance of low SAA protein levels correlates to better outcom...

REFERENCES

1
Mahmood  S, Palladini  G, Sanchorawala  V, et al. Update on treatment of light chain amyloidosis. Haematologica.  2014; 99(2): 209– 221. ...

ADDITIONAL READING

  • Gertz MA. Cardiac amyloidosis. Heart Fail Clin. 2022;18(3):479–488. doi: 10.1016/j.hfc.2022.02.005.

  • Khedraki R. Cardiac amyloidosis: an update on diag...

SEE ALSO

Multiple Myeloma 

CODES

ICD10

  • E85.9 Amyloidosis, unspecified

  • E85.3 Secondary systemic amyloidosis

  • E85.2 Heredofamilial amyloidosis, unspecified

  • E85.8 Other amyloidosis

  • E85.4 Organ-limited amyloidosis

  • E85.1 Neuropathic heredo...

CLINICAL PEARLS

  • The most commonly affected organs resulting in clinical symptoms are heart, kidneys, skin, peripheral and autonomic nerves, and liver.

  • Early detection is key to improved survival. Clini...

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