Technically termed giant cell arteritis (GCA)
A chronic, generalized, cellular, and humoral immune-mediated vasculitis of large- and medium-sized vessels, predominantly affecting the ...
Most common presenting symptom is headache (2/3 of patients).
Constitutional symptoms (fever, fatigue, weight loss)
Any visual disturbances (amaurosis fugax, diplopia)
Vision loss (20% o...
The typical dose of prednisone is between 40 and 60 mg/day (or 1 mg/kg/day), and the dose may be titrated up to relieve symptoms. Steroids should not be ...
TA is ty...
De Miguel E, Beltran LM, Monjo I, et al. Atherosclerosis as a potential pitfall in the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2018;57(2):318–321.
Ing EB, Ing...
M31.6 Other giant cell arteritis
M31.5 Giant cell arteritis with polymyalgia rheumatica
446.5 Giant cell arteritis
400130008 Temporal arteritis (disorder)
414341000 giant cell arterit...
Due to the risk of irreversible vision loss, treatment with high-dose steroids (prednisone 60 mg/day) should be started immediately in patients suspected of TA.
Temporal artery biopsy i...
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<bold>FIG. 75.3.</bold> Histopathology of inflammatory myopathies. A,B: Muscle biopsies from polymyositis patients tend to show focal endomysial infiltration by mononuclear cells (A: hematoxylin and eosin stain), while those from dermatomyositis patients show more perivascular and interstitial inflammation with perifascicular myofiber atrophy (B: modified trichrome stain). C: Transverse fresh-frozen section of muscle from a patient with inclusion body myositis displaying purplish granular materia...
<bold>FIG. 75.3.</bold> Histopathology of inflammatory myopathies. A,B: Muscle biopsies from polymyositis patients tend to sho...
Antidepressant drugs and the biochemical life cycles of norepinephrine and serotonin. MAO inhibitors, tricyclics, and SSRIs are used as antidepressants. MAO inhibitors enhance the actions of NE and 5-HT by preventing their enzymatic destruction. Tricyclics enhance NE and 5-HT action by blocking uptake. SSRIs act the same way but are selective for serotonin.
Antidepressant drugs and the biochemical life cycles of norepinephrine and serotonin. MAO inhibitors, tricyclics, and SSRIs are used as ant...