Low back pain (LBP) is a common chief complaint presenting to primary care and acute care settings
2.5 million were diagnosed with LBP in the USA between 2008–2015 (1)
Annual expendit...
Onset of pain (sudden or gradual)
Inciting event, injury, or trauma
Frequency of pain (episodic or constant with or without fluctuation)
Characterization and location of pain:
Facet pain ...
Multidisciplinary bio-psychosocial approach is encouraged
First line management: activity modification, early return to routine duties, physical therapy
Initial follow up is recommended in 2–4 weeks for acute flare
Longer interval follow up of 6–12 weeks may be beneficial for chronic LBP
Almeida MO, Narciso Garcia A, Menezes Costa LC, et al. The McKenzie method for (sub)acute non-specific low back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023;4(4):CD00...
M54.5 Low back pain
G89.29 Other chronic pain
M53.3 Sacrococcygeal disorders, not elsewhere classified
M54.40 Lumbago with sciatica, uns...
Low back pain is a common cause for health care expenditure, disability and loss of productivity worldwide
If no alarm symptoms are present, imaging is not beneficial in initial workup
C...
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<bold>FIG. 63.2.</bold> Anteroposterior radiograph of the upper pelvis and lumbar spine. Both sacroiliac joints (<italic>large arrows</bold>) are fused (grade IV sacroiliitis), and there are bilateral, symmetric syndesmophytes (<italic>small arrow</bold>), resulting in the typical "bamboo" appearance of ankylosing spondylitis.
<bold>FIG. 63.2.</bold> Anteroposterior radiograph of the upper pelvis and lumbar spine. Both sacroiliac joints (<italic...
<bold><italic>FIGURE 9-44.</bold></bold> Lumbar spondylolysis. Imaging of the lumbar spine in four separate patients with low back pain, two with L4 spondylolysis <bold>(A,B,C,D,E)</bold> and two with L5 spondylolysis <bold>(F,G,H,I,J,K)</bold> demonstrates the multimodality approach to imaging when assessing for spondylolysis/spondylolisthesis. Conventional lumbar radiographs, including lateral and bilateral obliques (A,B,C) nicely demonstrate the bony break (<italic>arrows in A</bold>) within the region of the bilateral L...
<bold><italic>FIGURE 9-44.</bold></bold> Lumbar spondylolysis. Imaging of the lumbar spine in four separate patien...
Causes of Low Back Pain Sagittal View Labeled
FIG. 9 <bold>A:</bold> Low back pain with small contained prolapse, L-5 to S-1, and high signal-intensity zone at L4-5. <bold>B,C:</bold> Major concordant pain responses by clinical distention at each level.
FIG. 9 <bold>A:</bold> Low back pain with small contained prolapse, L-5 to S-1, and high signal-intensity zone at L4-5. <bo...