Acute bronchitis is a common clinical condition characterized by an acute onset but persistent cough, with or without sputum production. It is typically self-limited, resolving within one to th...
Acute bronchitis should be suspected in patients with an acute onset but persistent cough (often lasting one to three weeks) who do not have clinical findings suggestive of pneumonia (e.g., ...
Outpatient treatment unless elderly or complicated by severe underlying disease
Rest
Stop smoking and avoid secondhand smoke.
Steam inhalations
Vaporizers
Adequate hydration
Antitu...
Usually a self-limited disease not requiring follow-up
Cough may linger for several weeks.
In children, if recurrent, need to consider other diagnoses, such as asth...
Asthma; Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Emphysema
Algorithm: Cough, Chronic
J20.9 Acute bronchitis, unspecified
J68.0 Bronchitis and pneumonitis due to chemicals, gases, fumes and vapors
B97.0 Adenovirus as the cause of diseases classified elsewhere
J20.1 Acute bronch...
Acute bronchitis is a common and generally self-limited disease.
Treat cough with honey (1 tb every 2–4 hours as needed), benzonatate (Tessalon), guaifenesin with dextromethorphan.
It d...
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Asthma. The airways typically show mucus plugging.
Asthma. Mucous plug with intraluminal inflammatory cells and hyperplasia of airway smooth muscle.
Asthma. The inflammatory cell infiltrate, predominantly eosinophils, extends focally into airspaces.
Bronchial wall shows increased numbers of bronchial glands characteristic of chronic bronchitis.
Chronic bronchitis shows bronchial surface epithelium with goblet cell metaplasia.
<bold>Figure 35.5</bold> The child with asthma uses a peak flow meter and keeps track of readings on a daily basis.
FIGURE 66.1. Photomicrographs of a sputum sample from an asthmatic patient. All of the micrographs were taken of unstained sputum samples pressed between a cover slip and a clear microscope slide. A sample was observed using the 40X objective and the 10X eyepiece. The final magnification of the micrographs is 1860X. (A) The broad arrow points to the brush border of a ciliated epithelial cell. Note the cell's apical nucleus and its pointed tail, which serves to fix the cell to the basement m...
FIGURE 66.1. Photomicrographs of a sputum sample from an asthmatic patient. All of the micrographs were taken of unstained sputum samples ...
FIG. 2.2. Pulmonary complications. A: Sublobar atelectasis. Asthmatic child with acute asthma attack. Note area of apparent consolidation in the right paratracheal region (arrows). This represents collapse of one portion of the right upper lobe. A subtler finding assisting interpretation is that the minor fissure is slightly elevated. B: Pneumomediastinum. Asthmatic child with pneumomediastinum with air surrounding the small triangular thymus gland (T), extending as linear sheaths into the ...
FIG. 2.2. Pulmonary complications. A: Sublobar atelectasis. Asthmatic child with acute asthma attack. Note area of apparent consolidation ...
PA chest x-ray showing lung hyperinflation in a patient with COPD
Lateral chest x-ray showing increased A-P diameter in a patient with COPD
<bold>Figure 4.131. Asthma in a child. A,</bold> frontal and <bold>B,</bold> lateral views show hyperinflation. There is peribronchial cuffing (<i>arrows</i>). Note the flat diaphragm in <bold>B.</bold>
<bold>Figure 4.131. Asthma in a child. A,</bold> frontal and <bold>B,</bold> lateral views show hyperinflation. Th...
CT scan showing pneumothorax in patient with COPD