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Dementia, Vascular

Birju B. Patel, AGSF, FACP, MD Reviewed 04/2024
 


BASICS

Vascular dementia is a heterogeneous disorder caused by the sequelae of cerebrovascular disease that manifests in cognitive impairment affecting memory, thinking, learning, language, behavior, ...

DIAGNOSIS

Differentiation between Alzheimer dementia and vascular dementia can be difficult, and significant overlap is seen in the clinical presentation of these two dementias. The diagnosis of vascu...

TREATMENT

Prevention is the real key to treatment: 
  • Control of risk factors, including HTN, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes

  • Avoidance of tobacco and smoking cessation

  • Healthy, low-cholesterol diet

MEDICATION

  • ...

ONGOING CARE

Vascular dementia is a condition that should be followed with multiple visits in the office setting with goals of optimizing cardiovascular risk profiles for patients. Future planning and...

REFERENCES

1
Kalaria  RN. The pathology and pathophysiology of vascular dementia. Neuropharmacology.  2018;134(Pt B):226–239. [View Abstract on OvidMedline] ...

SEE ALSO

Alzheimer Disease; Depression; Mild Cognitive Impairment 

CODES

ICD10

  • F01.50 Vascular dementia without behavioral disturbance

  • F01.51 Vascular dementia with behavioral disturbance

SNOMED

  • 429998004 Vascular dementia

  • 56267009 Multi-infarct dementia (disorder)

  • 7093600...

CLINICAL PEARLS

  • Executive dysfunction and gait abnormalities are often seen early and are more pronounced in vascular dementia as opposed to Alzheimer dementia.

  • Memory is relatively preserved in vascul...

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