Food Poisoning, Bacterial

<bold>Figure 8.64. Appendicitis. A.</bold> CT image shows a fecalith in a thickened appendix (<i>arrow</i>). <bold>B.</bold> Image slightly higher shows the thickened appendiceal wall (<i>arrow</i>).

<bold>FIGURE 117.11</bold> Ultrasonographic appearance of appendicitis. The appendix appears as a thick, noncompressible tubular structure with central hypoechogenicity. The walls are 5 mm thick, over the 3-mm limit for a normal appendix. (Courtesy of Dr. Beverly Coleman, Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.)

<bold><italic>Figure 15-20</bold> Mechanisms of bacterial enterocolitis.</bold> Diarrhea can be caused by (<bold>A</bold>) bacterial toxin formed in food before ingestion, (<bold>B</bold>) toxin formed in the intestinal tract after infection, or (<bold>C</bold>) direct invasion of infective organisms in the bowel wall.

<bold><italic>Figure 15-33</bold> Acute appendicitis.</bold> A fecalith is wedged into the mouth of the appendix (left).

Figure 41.3. CT appearance of appendicitis.

FIGURE 118.1. Perforated appendicitis with abscess and fecalith. The upright abdominal roentgenogram shows numerous dilated loops of bowel and a calcified fecalith <italic>(arrow).</bold> Note that the space between the individual loops indicates the presence of intraperitoneal fluid.

FIGURE 118.2. Perforated appendicitis with abscess and fecalith. Ultrasonography of the pelvis shows a complex mass <italic>(A)</bold> with a fecalith <italic>(arrow)</bold> producing characteristic acoustic shadowing to the right of the bladder <italic>(B)</bold>.

<bold>FIGURE 16-3</bold> <bold>The pathogenesis of enteropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (EPEC).</bold> First, the organism attaches to the small bowel epithelial cell via a bundle-forming pilus (BfpA). Subsequently, a type III secretion system bridges to the cell and delivers a membrane receptor protein, Tir, and other effectors to the host cell. In a third stage, intimin on the bacterial surface mediates intimate adherence to the cell by binding to the newly d...

Clostridial diseases. Clostridia in the vegetative form inhabit the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals. Spores pass in the feces, contaminate soil and plant materials, and are ingested or enter sites of penetrating wounds. Under anaerobic conditions they revert to vegetative forms. Plasmids in the vegetative forms elaborate toxins that cause several clostridial diseases. Food poisoning and necrotizing enteritis. Meat dishes left to cool at room temperature grow large numbers of cl...