Glomerulonephritis, Acute

Hemodialysis.

Hemodialysis, external arteriovenous shunt. Illustration of the medial side of the right arm with an external arteriovenous shunt uses in hemodialysis.

Hemodialysis, internal arteriovenous fistula. Illustration of the medial side of the right arm with an internal arteriovenous fistula used in hemodialysis.

<bold><italic>Figure 19-11</bold> Crescentic glomerulonephritis.</bold> Crescent of epithelial cells proliferates along the parietal rim of the glomerular space and obliterates the glomerulus. Crescentic glomerulonephritis is an anatomic finding in progressively worsening glomerulonephritis of many types. Reprinted with permission from Rubin E. Pathology. 4th ed. Philadelphia. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins‚ 2005.

<bold><italic>Figure 19-12</bold> Membranous glomerulonephritis (light microscopy).</bold> Basement membrane is thickened by immunoglobulin deposits.

Graft for hemodialysis angio access - A self-sealing polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) silicone graft is used as an internal bridge (AV fistula) for vascular access in patients requiring maintenance hemodialysis. In the figure the graft bridges the brachial artery to the axillary vein

Hemidialysis

<bold>FIGURE 67-3</bold> <bold>Immune complex glomerulonephritis. A.</bold> Immunofluorescence staining of the glomerulus stained with antibodies directed against C3 showing deposits in the capillary walls and the mesangium. <bold>B.</bold> Electron micrograph of a glomerular tuft revealing electron-dense immune complex deposits in the mesangium (single arrow) and subendothelial capillary space (double arrow). The basement membrane splits to surround the subendothelial d...

FIGURE 28.20. Hematuria. This field shows a large number of red blood cells (RBCs) accompanied by one polymorphonuclear neutrophil in the sediment. Note that the RBCs appear to be regularly shaped, biconcave disks. (Bright-field microscopy, 3160.)

FIGURE 3-2. Peritoneal dialysis, in which the dialysate is infused into the peritoneal cavity by gravity. (Reprinted with permission from Rosdahl, Kowalski. Textbook of Basic Nursing. 8th Ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins, 2003:1208.)

Fig 13-7. Peritoneal dialysis. A semipermeable membrane richly supplied with small blood vessels lines the peritoneal cavity. With dialysate dwelling in the peritoneal cavity, waste products diffuse from the network of blood vessels into the dialysate.

Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: Step 1 After applying a mask, a bag of dialysate is attached to the tube entering the patient's abdominal area so that the fluid flows into the peritoneal cavity. The mask is removed when this step is completed.