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Hepatoma (Hepatocellular Carcinoma)

Sheel Patel, Bachelor of Science, Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (DO) Reviewed 04/2024
 


BASICS

Hepatocellular carcinoma exerts a substantial global burden, with over 840,000 new cases reported annually and 780,000 deaths, ranking it as the sixth most common cancer worldwide 

DESCRIPTION

He...

DIAGNOSIS

  • In children

    • Feminization, precocious puberty

    • Palpable liver mass, pain, asymmetrical hepatomegaly

  • In adults

    • Known cirrhosis or clinical signs of cirrhosis: 80%

    • Abdominal pain: 80%; right upper qu...

TREATMENT

Treatments range from curative options such as liver resection/transplantation, systematic treatment, or locoregional therapy. The type of treatment varies for each patient and should be cus...

ONGOING CARE

FOLLOW-UP RECOMMENDATIONS

Patient Monitoring

  • Surveillance Strategies

    • Regular surveillance with imaging and AFP checks every six months is recommended for individuals at high ...

REFERENCES

1
Andreana L, Isgro G, Pleguezuelo M, et al. Surveillance and diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis. World J Hepatol. 2009;1(1):48-61. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v1.i1.48.
2
F...

ADDITIONAL READING

Singal A, Llovet JM, Yarchoan M, et al. AASLD Practice Guidance on prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology. 2023;78(6):1922...

SEE ALSO

Cirrhosis of the Liver; Hepatitis B;Hepatitis C 

CODES

ICD10

C22.0 Liver cell carcinoma 

SNOMED

95214007 Primary malignant neoplasm of liver 

CLINICAL PEARLS

  • With benign liver tumors, most patients will have normal LFTs; 97% with HCC will have >1 abnormal test.

  • It is estimated that up to one-third of patients with cirrhosis will develop H...

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