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Infertility

Sahil Mullick, FAAFP, MD and Sudeshna Dutta, MD Reviewed 04/2024
 


BASICS

DESCRIPTION

Definition: Failure to conceive after 12 months of regular sexual intercourse without contraception. Evaluation for infertility should begin for failure to conceive after six months ...

DIAGNOSIS

HISTORY

Complete reproductive history including the age of partners; history of abortion, dilation and curettage, bilateral tubal ligation, vasectomy, or other pelvic/abdominal surgery; age a...

TREATMENT

GENERAL MEASURES

  • Lifestyle changes that may improve fertility: Achieving an ideal BMI, cessation of smoking, limiting exposure to caffeine and alcohol, coital frequency and timing (every 1-2...

ONGOING CARE

FOLLOW-UP RECOMMENDATIONS

Specialist, if not successful after 3 to 6 cycles of oral ovulation induction 

DIET

Limit caffeine and alcohol intake 

PATIENT EDUCATION

  • American Society for Reproduc...

REFERENCES

1
Carson SA, Kallen AN. Diagnosis and Management of Infertility: A Review. JAMA. 2021;326(1):65-76. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.4788

SEE ALSO

  • Amenorrhea; Endometriosis; Metabolic Syndrome; Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS); Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

  • Algorithm: Infertility

CODES

ICD10

  • N97.9 Female infertility, unspecified

  • N46.9 Male infertility, unspecified

  • N97.1 Female infertility of tubal origin

  • N46.8 Other male infertility

  • N46.023 Azoospermia due to obstruction of efferen...

CLINICAL PEARLS

Infertility is often multifactorial. 

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