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Keloids

Allison H Gase, DO and Nicholas J Ralston, D.O. Reviewed 05/2023
 


BASICS

DESCRIPTION

  • Keloids are benign hyperproliferative skin growths that extend beyond boundaries of the original wound. They are histologically characterized by overabundant deposition of extracellu...

DIAGNOSIS

Primarily a clinical diagnosis. 

HISTORY

  • Firm, rubbery nodules located at area of previous skin trauma. Described as:

    • Painful

    • Tender

    • Red

    • Pruritic

    • Persist without resolution

  • Distressing for patients ...

TREATMENT

  • There are no uniform treatment protocols.

  • Treatment options should also be based on the characteristics of the keloid: (i) presence or absence of scar contractures, (ii) size, and (iii) the n...

ONGOING CARE

FOLLOW-UP RECOMMENDATIONS

Patient Monitoring

Monthly visits for up to 1 year for evaluation and possible repeat steroid injections 

PATIENT EDUCATION

  • Stress the possibility of recurrence desp...

REFERENCES

1
Betarbet U, Blalock TW. Keloids: A Review of Etiology, Prevention, and Treatment. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2020;13(2):33-43.

ADDITIONAL READING

  • Bijlard  E, Steltenpool  S, Niessen  FB. Intralesional 5-fluorouracil in keloid treatment: a systematic review. Acta Derm Venereol.  2015;95(7):778–7...

CODES

ICD10

  • L91.0 Hypertrophic scar

  • L73.0 Acne keloid

SNOMED

  • 33659008 Keloid scar (disorder)

  • 238746008 Acne keloid (disorder)

  • 403686005 Keloidal surgical scar (disorder)

CLINICAL PEARLS

  • Keloids are nodules composed of collagen and overabundant fibroblasts.

  • Although the etiology of keloids is still undetermined, genetic, hormonal, and immunologic factors have all been i...

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