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Menopause

Madeline Taskier, MD and Emmeline Ha, MD Reviewed 05/2023
 


BASICS

DESCRIPTION

  • Natural menopause: 12 consecutive months of amenorrhea in a nonpregnant person with a uterus ≥40 years old; mean age of 51 years; resulting from loss of ovarian activity​​​​​​

  • Perimen...

DIAGNOSIS

12 consecutive months of amenorrhea in a nonpregnant woman ≥40 years of age 

HISTORY

  • Cessation of menses: Generally preceded by irregular cycles with heavy bleeding followed by diminished blee...

TREATMENT

GENERAL MEASURES

Behavioral modifications to manage vasomotor symptoms including lowering ambient temperature settings, wearing layered clothing, and avoiding possible triggers (heat, stress,...

ONGOING CARE

FOLLOW-UP RECOMMENDATIONS

Patient Monitoring

If HRT initiated, consider decrease or discontinuation after 3 to 5 years to minimize risks. 

DIET

Calcium-rich diet and vitamin D supplementation...

REFERENCES

1
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Practice Bulletin No. 141: Management of Menopausal Symptoms. Obstet Gynecol. 2014;123;202-2016. doi:10.1097/01.AOG.0000441353.20693.78...

SEE ALSO

  • Osteoporosis and Osteopenia

CODES

ICD10

  • E28.310 Symptomatic premature menopause

  • N95.1 Menopausal and female climacteric states

  • Z78.0 Asymptomatic menopausal state

  • E89.40 Asymptomatic postprocedural ovarian failure

  • E28.319 Asymptomati...

CLINICAL PEARLS

  • Menopause is usually diagnosed by history alone.

  • HT can be used short term for relief of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms. Use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration o...

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