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Nephrotic Syndrome

Hanadi Abou Dargham, Medical Doctor Reviewed 06/2021
 


BASICS

DESCRIPTION

  • A constellation of clinical and laboratory features defined by the presence of heavy proteinuria (>3.5 g/1.73 m2/24 hr), hypoalbuminemia (<3 g/dL), severe hyperlipidemia (total...

DIAGNOSIS

HISTORY

The history is key in looking for risk factors and the cause of nephrotic syndrome. 
  • Inquire about signs or symptoms of systemic disease: joint complaint, rash, edema, infectious compl...

TREATMENT

The treatment for nephrotic syndrome depends on the type of renal pathology and varies between children and adults. KDIGO issued guidelines in 2012 on the treatment for nephrotic syndrome in...

ONGOING CARE

Adjustment in the doses of diuretics and angiotensin antagonists depends on the degree of edema and proteinuria. 

FOLLOW-UP RECOMMENDATIONS

Patient Monitoring

  • Frequent monitoring is required...

REFERENCES

1
Kodner  C. Diagnosis and management of nephrotic syndrome in adults. Am Fam Physician.  2016;93(6):479–485. [View Abstract on OvidMedline]
2
...

SEE ALSO

Acute Kidney Injury; Amyloidosis; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Glomerulonephritis, Acute; HIV/AIDS; Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid; Multiple Myeloma 

CODES

ICD10

  • N04.0 Nephrotic syndrome with minor glomerular abnormality

  • N04 Nephrotic syndrome

  • N04.3 Nephrotic syndrome with diffuse mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis

  • N04.2 Nephrotic syndrome with...

CLINICAL PEARLS

  • Nephrotic syndrome is a clinical syndrome of >3.5 g/day proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema often associated with diabetes and NSAIDs use.

  • Pediatric nephrotic syn...

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