Nosocomial Infections

Cheryl Durand, PharmD and Edward L. Yourtee, MD, FACP Reviewed 06/2019

BASICS

DESCRIPTION

Health care–associated infections (HAIs)
Infection must not have been present or incubating on admission to a health care facility.
CDC categories:
- Catheter-associated urinary tract i...

DIAGNOSIS

Consistent with nature of infection

HISTORY

Exposure to health care facility
Recent surgery/open wounds
History of invasive procedure
- Urinary catheter placement
- Indwelling vascular catheter
Rece...

TREATMENT

GENERAL MEASURES

Treat with appropriate antibiotics.
Order bundles improve adherence to sepsis guidelines and improves survival.
UTI: Remove urinary catheters.
CLABSI: Remove IV catheter.
C. diff...

ONGOING CARE

FOLLOW-UP RECOMMENDATIONS

Patient Monitoring

Risk for recurrence is generally low in immuno-competent patients. Manage underlying comorbidities (risk factors).

PROGNOSIS

Bloodstream infectio...

REFERENCES

Yokoe D, Anderson D, Berenholtz S, et al. A compendium of strategies to prevent healthcare-associated infections in acute care hospitals: 2014 updates. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. ...

CODES

ICD10

T83.51XA Infect/inflm reaction due to indwell urinary catheter, init
T81.4XXA Infection following a procedure, initial encounter
J95.851 Ventilator associated pneumonia
T82.7XXA Infect/inflm r...

CLINICAL PEARLS

Nosocomial infections increase mortality, length of hospital stay, and cost of hospitalization.
Proper hand hygiene using an alcohol-based hand product or soap and water should be carri...

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