Nosocomial Infections

Reviewed 06/2018

BASICS

DESCRIPTION

Health care–associated infections (HAIs)
Infection must not have been present or incubating on admission to a health care facility.
CDC categories:
- Catheter-associated urinary tract inf...

DIAGNOSIS

Consistent with nature of infection

HISTORY

Exposure to health care facility
Recent surgery/open wounds
History of invasive procedure
- Urinary catheter placement
- Indwelling vascular catheter
Recent...

TREATMENT

GENERAL MEASURES

Treat with appropriate antibiotics.
Order bundles improve adherence to sepsis guidelines and improves survival.
UTI: Remove urinary catheters.
CLABSI: Remove IV catheter.
C. diff...

ONGOING CARE

FOLLOW-UP RECOMMENDATIONS

Patient Monitoring

Risk for recurrence is generally low in immunocompetent patients. Manage underlying comorbidities (risk factors).

PROGNOSIS

99,000 deaths in 2002...

REFERENCES

Klevens RM, Edwards JR, Richards CLJr, et al. Estimating health care-associated infections and deaths in U.S. hospitals, 2002. Public Health Rep. 2007;122(2):160–166. [View Abstract ...

CODES

ICD10

T83.51XA Infect/inflm reaction due to indwell urinary catheter, init
T81.4XXA Infection following a procedure, initial encounter
J95.851 Ventilator associated pneumonia
T82.7XXA Infect/inflm r...

CLINICAL PEARLS

Nosocomial infections increase mortality, length of hospital stay, and cost of hospitalization.
Preventive efforts should address patient-specific and facility-related risk factors.
Prop...

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