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Parotitis, Acute and Chronic

Tamara L Gayle, MD, MEd, MPH and Lemaat Michael, MD Reviewed 06/2022
 


BASICS

DESCRIPTION

  • Parotitis is caused by inflammation of the parotid gland due to infection, systemic illnesses, mechanical obstruction, or medications.

  • The parotid gland is the largest salivary gland,...

DIAGNOSIS

HISTORY

  • Acute parotitis presents with sudden-onset pain and swelling of the cheek.

    • Viral parotitis is usually bilateral and accompanied by malaise, anorexia, headaches, myalgias, ...

TREATMENT

GENERAL MEASURES

  • Usually a self-limited course. Treat with supportive care: rest, hydration, analgesia, and antipyretics.

    • Stimulate saliva production by eating hard candies.

    • Local ...

ONGOING CARE

FOLLOW-UP RECOMMENDATIONS

Antibiotic therapy for bacterial parotitis combined with adequate hydration should result in improvement within 48 hours; if not, patient should be re-evaluated. 

DIET

REFERENCES

1
Nation J, Panuganti B, Manteghi A, et al. Pediatric Sialendoscopy for Recurrent Salivary Gland Swelling: Workup, Findings, and Outcomes. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2019 Apr;128(4):338-344.
...

ADDITIONAL READING

  • Armstrong M , Turturro M. Salivary gland emergencies. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2013;31(2):481–499.

  • Brook I. The bacteriology of salivary gla...

CODES

ICD10

  • K11.20 Sialoadenitis, unspecified

  • K11.21 Acute sialoadenitis

  • K11.23 Chronic sialoadenitis

  • K11.22 Acute recurrent sialoadenitis

SNOMED

  • 14756005 Parotitis (disorder)

  • 240526004 Mumps parotitis

  • 235125...

CLINICAL PEARLS

  • History and physical exam are sufficient for diagnosis (parotid swelling, tenderness, with or without purulent drainage from the Stensen duct).

  • S. aureus, strep, and anaerobes are the m...

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