Definition: inflammation of the peritoneum
Classification:
Aseptic: chemical irritation or systemic inflammation of peritoneum
Bacterial: infection of peritoneal fluid
Bacterial peritoni...
SBP: history of cirrhosis and/or ascites, fever, chills, mental status changes, abdominal pain (diffuse, continuous; may be subtle due to presence of ascites), nausea/vomiting, diarrh...
Control ascites with salt restriction, spironolactone ±, furosemide, albumin infusion after large-volume paracentesis, and/or lactulose for encephalopathy.
Discontinue β-block...
PMN decrease >25% is expected if repeat paracentesis i...
Aithal GP, Palaniyappan N, China L, et al. Guidelines on the management of ascites in cirrhosis. Gut. 2021;70(1):9–29.
Mattos AA...
K65.0 Generalized (acute) peritonitis
K65.2 Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
K65.8 Other peritonitis
K65.9 Peritonitis, unspecified
K65.1 Peritoneal abscess
67602004 Acute peritonitis
1183...
Maintain a high index of suspicion for SBP in cirrhotic patients with ascites (up to one-third of cases may be asymptomatic) and start empiric antibiotic therapy early.
SBP is usually m...
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Diverticulosis. Diverticulosis seen in a segment of the descending colon.
Figure 41.3. CT appearance of appendicitis.
FIGURE 118.1. Perforated appendicitis with abscess and fecalith. The upright abdominal roentgenogram shows numerous dilated loops of bowel and a calcified fecalith <italic>(arrow).</bold> Note that the space between the individual loops indicates the presence of intraperitoneal fluid.
FIGURE 118.1. Perforated appendicitis with abscess and fecalith. The upright abdominal roentgenogram shows numerous dilated loops of bowel...
FIGURE 118.2. Perforated appendicitis with abscess and fecalith. Ultrasonography of the pelvis shows a complex mass <italic>(A)</bold> with a fecalith <italic>(arrow)</bold> producing characteristic acoustic shadowing to the right of the bladder <italic>(B)</bold>.
FIGURE 118.2. Perforated appendicitis with abscess and fecalith. Ultrasonography of the pelvis shows a complex mass <italic>(A)</...
<bold>Figure 8.64. Appendicitis. A.</bold> CT image shows a fecalith in a thickened appendix (<i>arrow</i>). <bold>B.</bold> Image slightly higher shows the thickened appendiceal wall (<i>arrow</i>).
<bold>Figure 8.64. Appendicitis. A.</bold> CT image shows a fecalith in a thickened appendix (<i>arrow</i>). <b...
<bold><italic>Figure 15-14</bold> Perforated peptic ulcer of stomach.</bold>
<bold><italic>Figure 15-26</bold> Colonic diverticulosis and diverticulitis. A,</bold> Complications of diverticular inflammation (diverticulitis). <bold>B,</bold> Detail of the anatomy of an acquired diverticulum.
<bold><italic>Figure 15-26</bold> Colonic diverticulosis and diverticulitis. A,</bold> Complications of diverticul...
<bold><italic>Figure 15-33</bold> Acute appendicitis.</bold> A fecalith is wedged into the mouth of the appendix (left).
<bold><italic>Figure 15-33</bold> Acute appendicitis.</bold> A fecalith is wedged into the mouth of the appendix (...
Gastric ulcer. The stomach has been opened to reveal a sharply demarcated, deep peptic ulcer on the lesser curvature.
Duodenal ulcer. A sharply punched-out peptic ulcer of the duodenum is situated immediately below the pylorus.
Chronic hepatitis with cirrhosis. A photomicrograph of the liver from a patient with long-standing chronic active hepatitis B shows hepatocellular nodules and chronically inflamed fibrous septa.
Chronic hepatitis with cirrhosis. A photomicrograph of the liver from a patient with long-standing chronic active hepatitis B shows hepato...
<bold>Fig GI 10-10 Peptic ulcer disease.</bold> (A) Large incisura (black arrow) simulating a filling defect on the greater curvature. The incisura is incited by a long ulcer (white arrows) on the lesser curvature. (B) Double pylorus. The true pylorus and the accessory channel along the lesser curvature are separated by a bridge, or septum, that produces the appearance of a discrete lucent filling defect (arrow).
<bold>Fig GI 10-10 Peptic ulcer disease.</bold> (A) Large incisura (black arrow) simulating a filling defect on the greater cu...
Figure 18-79<bold>BARIUM ENEMA, DIVERTICULAR DISEASE.</bold>Double-contrast barium enema demonstrates multiple outpouchings (diverticula) within the sigmoid colon (<italic>arrows</bold>).<bold><italic>COMMENT:</bold></bold>These diverticula are round and smooth, without evidence of barium extra vasation. Diverticulitis can be associated with the se complicating changes.
Figure 18-79<bold>BARIUM ENEMA, DIVERTICULAR DISEASE.</bold>Double-contrast barium enema demonstrates multiple outpouchings (d...
<bold>FIGURE 39-6</bold> (<bold>Top left</bold>) Location of diverticula in the sigmoid colon. (<bold>Top right</bold>) A portion of the sigmoid colon, showing the haustra and teniae coli. (<bold>Bottom left</bold>) Diverticulosis. (<bold>Bottom right</bold>) Diverticulitis.
<bold>FIGURE 39-6</bold> (<bold>Top left</bold>) Location of diverticula in the sigmoid colon. (<bold>Top ri...
<bold>FIGURE 117.11</bold> Ultrasonographic appearance of appendicitis. The appendix appears as a thick, noncompressible tubular structure with central hypoechogenicity. The walls are 5 mm thick, over the 3-mm limit for a normal appendix. (Courtesy of Dr. Beverly Coleman, Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.)
<bold>FIGURE 117.11</bold> Ultrasonographic appearance of appendicitis. The appendix appears as a thick, noncompressible tubul...
Alcoholic cirrhosis. The surface of the liver displays innumerable small, regular nodules.
Alcoholic cirrhosis. A photomicrograph shows small regular nodules surrounded by uniform fibrous septa.
Cirrhosis of the liver. The consequence of chronic hepatic injury is the formation of regenerating nodules separated by bands of fibrous connective tissue (blue).
Cirrhosis of the liver. The consequence of chronic hepatic injury is the formation of regenerating nodules separated by bands of fibrous co...