Protein–energy malnutrition (PEM) is present when sufficient energy and/or protein is not available to meet metabolic demands, leading to impairment in normal physiologic processes. ...
Diagnostic historical criteria for malnutrition:
Inadequate nutrient intake, based on estimated energy needs (indirect calorimetry or standard equations) versus measured energy consume...
Slowly restore and maintain fluid and electrolyte balance.
Initiate oral iron and folate supplements (begin iron therapy ~2 weeks after initiation of dietary treatment to avoi...
Keller H, de van der Schueren MAE, GLIM Consortium, et al. Guidance on validation of the operational criteria for the diagnosis of protein-energy malnutrition in adults. ...
E46 Unspecified protein-calorie malnutrition
E41 Nutritional marasmus
E40 Kwashiorkor
E61.8 Deficiency of other specified nutrient elements
E42 Marasmic kwashiorkor
E44.0 Moderate protein-calori...
Older patients may experience elevated BUN levels from excessive protein supplementation; routine monitoring is suggested.
Decreased muscle mass in patients with malnutrition may lower ...
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