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Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Neonatal

Elizabeth T. Nguyen, MD, Lena Dung Doan, DO and Nikhil Jaiswal, MD Reviewed 04/2024
 


BASICS

DESCRIPTION

  • Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) is a disorder primarily of prematurity manifested by respiratory distress. However, it can occur in early term neonates as well.

  • System(s...

DIAGNOSIS

HISTORY

  • Preterm neonates with worsening respiratory distress beginning at or shortly after birth and progressing over first few hours of life

  • Early interventions can modify classic course

PHYSICAL EXAM

TREATMENT

GENERAL MEASURES

  • Delivery Room

    • Delayed cord clamping if possible to allow time for placental transfusion and improvement in hemodynamic transition

    • Optimal thermoregulation of deliv...

ONGOING CARE

FOLLOW-UP RECOMMENDATIONS

Following discharge, infants should be followed closely by their physicians to monitor growth and respiratory symptomatology. 

PATIENT EDUCATION

  • Educate parents reg...

REFERENCES

1
Xu, J, Murphy SL, Kochanek KD, et al. Mortality in the United States, 2021. National Center for Health Statistics Data Brief No. 456. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databri...

ADDITIONAL READING

  • Lemyre  B, Laughon  M, Bose  C, et al. Early nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) versus early nasal continuous positive airway pressu...

CODES

ICD10

P22.0 Respiratory distress syndrome of newborn 

SNOMED

46775006 Respiratory distress syndrome in the newborn (disorder) 

CLINICAL PEARLS

  • Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) is a disorder primarily of prematurity manifest by respiratory distress.

  • Early treatment with CPAP or pulmonary surfactant can modify clini...

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