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General Medicine

Sarcoidosis

Donnah Mathews, MD Reviewed 06/2019
 


BASICS

DESCRIPTION

  • Sarcoidosis is a noninfectious, multisystem, granulomatous disease of unknown cause, commonly affecting young and middle-aged adults.

    • Frequently presents with hilar adenopathy, pulmon...

DIAGNOSIS

HISTORY

  • Patients may be asymptomatic.

  • Patients may have nonspecific complaints, such as the following:

    • Nonproductive cough

    • Shortness of breath

    • Fever

    • Night sweats

    • Weight loss

    • General fatigue

    • Eye pain

    • C...

TREATMENT

  • Many patients undergo spontaneous remission. It is difficult to assess disease activity and severity, however, making it challenging to develop guidelines.

  • No treatment may be necessary in as...

ONGOING CARE

FOLLOW-UP RECOMMENDATIONS

There is limited data on indications for the specific tests and optimal frequency of monitoring of disease activity. Suggestions follow. 

Patient Monitoring

  • Patient...

REFERENCES

1
Baughman RP, Culver DA, Judson MA. A concise review of pulmonary sarcoidosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med.  2011;183(5):573–581. [View Abstract on OvidMedline]
2
Iannuzzi MC, Fontana JR. ...

ADDITIONAL READING

Hoang DQ, Nguyen ET. Sarcoidosis. Semin Roentgenol.  2010;45(1):36–42. [View Abstract on OvidMedline] 

CODES

ICD10

  • D86.9 Sarcoidosis, unspecified

  • D86.0 Sarcoidosis of lung

  • D86.86 Sarcoid arthropathy

  • D86.89 Sarcoidosis of other sites

  • D86.85 Sarcoid myocarditis

  • D86.84 Sarcoid pyelonephritis

  • D86.82 Multiple cran...

CLINICAL PEARLS

  • Sarcoidosis is a noninfectious, multisystem, granulomatous disease of unknown cause, typically affecting young and middle-aged adults.

  • Any organ can be affected.

  • Diagnosis is based on cl...

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Related Images
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FIGURE 28.2. Radiographs illustrating the different stages of sarcoidosis. A: Stage I. Bilateral hilar adenopathy and paratracheal adenopathy with normal lung fields. B: Stage II. Bilateral hilar adenopathy with interstitial lung field involvement. C: Stage III. Lung field involvement only. D: Stage IV. Severely fibrotic lungs with volume loss and cyst formation.
FIGURE 28.2. Radiographs illustrating the different stages of sarcoidosis. A: Stage I. Bilateral hilar adenopathy and paratracheal adenopat...
Figure 5.62. Sarcoidosis-related retinal phlebitis with perivascular exudates known as "candle-wax drippings."
Figure 5.62. Sarcoidosis-related retinal phlebitis with perivascular exudates known as "candle-wax drippings."
Schaumann body consists of fragmented irregular calcified basophilic refractile structure in the cytoplasm of a multinucleated giant cell in a sarcoidosis granuloma.
Schaumann body consists of fragmented irregular calcified basophilic refractile structure in the cytoplasm of a multinucleated giant cell i...
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