Temporomandibular Joint Disorder (TMD)

Rita M Lahlou, MPH, MD and Jaimei Zhang, MPH, MD Reviewed 06/2022

BASICS

DESCRIPTION

Syndrome characterized by
- Pain and tenderness involving the muscles of mastication and surrounding tissues
- Sound, pain, stiffness, or grating in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) with ...

DIAGNOSIS

TMD is a clinical diagnosis, and localized pain is the unifying feature.
Several research classification systems exist. Most share several of the history and physical findings listed below.

HISTORY

TREATMENT

Signs and symptoms will abate without any interventions in most patients. 50% report improvement at 1 year and 85% by 3 years. With conservative therapy, symptoms resolve in 75% of cases wit...

ONGOING CARE

FOLLOW-UP RECOMMENDATIONS

Relax jaw by disengaging teeth.
Avoid wide, uncontrolled opening, such as yawning.
Trial of soft diet
Stress management and behavior modification counseling may be h...

REFERENCES

Slade GD, Fillingim RB, Sanders AE, et al. Summary of findings from the OPPERA prospective cohort study of incidence of first-onset temporomandibular disorder: i...

CODES

ICD10

M26.60 Temporomandibular joint disorder, unspecified
M26.62 Arthralgia of temporomandibular joint
M26.63 Articular disc disorder of temporomandibular joint
M26.69 Other specified disorders of ...

CLINICAL PEARLS

TMD refers to a number of potential underlying joint and muscle conditions involving the jaw. Characteristics of all conditions are pain and functional limitation.
TMD is a clinical dia...

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