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Temporomandibular Joint Disorder (TMD)

Rita M Lahlou, MPH, MD and Jaimei Zhang, MPH, MD Reviewed 06/2022
 


BASICS

DESCRIPTION

  • Syndrome characterized by

    • Pain and tenderness involving the muscles of mastication and surrounding tissues

    • Sound, pain, stiffness, or grating in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) with ...

DIAGNOSIS

  • TMD is a clinical diagnosis, and localized pain is the unifying feature.

  • Several research classification systems exist. Most share several of the history and physical findings listed below.

HISTORY

TREATMENT

Signs and symptoms will abate without any interventions in most patients. 50% report improvement at 1 year and 85% by 3 years. With conservative therapy, symptoms resolve in 75% of cases wit...

ONGOING CARE

FOLLOW-UP RECOMMENDATIONS

  • Relax jaw by disengaging teeth.

  • Avoid wide, uncontrolled opening, such as yawning.

  • Trial of soft diet

  • Stress management and behavior modification counseling may be h...

REFERENCES

1
Slade  GD, Fillingim  RB, Sanders  AE, et al. Summary of findings from the OPPERA prospective cohort study of incidence of first-onset temporomandibular disorder: i...

SEE ALSO

Headache, Tension 

CODES

ICD10

  • M26.60 Temporomandibular joint disorder, unspecified

  • M26.62 Arthralgia of temporomandibular joint

  • M26.63 Articular disc disorder of temporomandibular joint

  • M26.69 Other specified disorders of ...

CLINICAL PEARLS

  • TMD refers to a number of potential underlying joint and muscle conditions involving the jaw. Characteristics of all conditions are pain and functional limitation.

  • TMD is a clinical dia...

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