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Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)

Haris Vakil, MD Reviewed 04/2024
 


BASICS

DESCRIPTION

  • A transient episode of neurologic dysfunction due to focal brain, retinal, or spinal cord ischemia without acute infarction

  • 7.5 to 17.4% of patients with Transient Ischemic Attack (TI...

DIAGNOSIS

HISTORY

  • Emphasis on symptom onset, progression, and recovery

  • Carotid circulation (hemispheric): monocular visual loss, hemiplegia, hemianesthesia, neglect, aphasia, visual field defects (amaur...

TREATMENT

GENERAL MEASURES

  • Patients with high-risk TIAs require rapid referral and a 24-hour admission for observation and work-up.

  • ​​​​Outpatient investigations may be considered based on patient’s str...

ONGOING CARE

FOLLOW-UP RECOMMENDATIONS

Patient Monitoring

  • Follow-up with neurologic support every 3 months for 1st year and then annually

  • Strict control of blood pressure, other CVD risk factors

DIET

  • DASH ...

REFERENCES

1
Kleindorfer DO, Towfighi A, Chaturvedi S, et al. 2021 Guideline for the Prevention of Stroke in Patients with Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack: A Guideline from the American Heart Asso...

SEE ALSO

Algorithms: Stroke; Transient Ischemic Attack and Transient Neurologic Defects 

CODES

ICD10

  • G45.9 Transient cerebral ischemic attack, unspecified

  • G45.1 Carotid artery syndrome (hemispheric)

  • G45.0 Vertebro-basilar artery syndrome

  • G45.8 Oth transient cerebral ischemic attacks and relat...

CLINICAL PEARLS

  • Utilize the ABCD2-I, or ABCD3-I scoring systems to help with risk stratification.

  • Encourage smoking cessation, exercise, weight loss, limited ETOH intake, and control of HTN, hyperlipid...

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