Vitamin deficiency related to inadequate intake or absorption of cobalamin (vitamin B12)
Cobalamin is critical for central nervous system myelination, red blood cell production, and DNA synthesis.
Defi...
Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin present in animal-source foods and foods fortified with vitamin B12.
Dietary vitamin B12 (cobalamin) bound to food is cl...
Endemic area: Northern Europe, including Scandinavia; more common in those of African ancestry
Increasing recognition in breastfed-only infant populations with vitamin B12–defici...
Decreased oral intake
Vegetarians and vegans: Vitamin B12 is found in animal source foods.
Decreased IF
Pernicious anemia (PA): can be associated with autoantibodies directed...
Gastric abnormalities: PA, gastritis, gastrectomy/bariatric surgery
Small bowel disease: malabsorption syndrome, ileal resection, IBD, celiac disease
Pancreatitis: pancrea...
Asymptomatic; incidental finding of anemia or an elevated mean corpuscular volume (MCV) .
Neuropsychiatric
Frequent: sensory polyneuritis, paresthesias, positive Babinski sign, weakness, gait ...
Hematologic
Reticulocytosis in 1 week
Hemoglobin will usually return to normal in 6 to 8 weeks
Monitor potassium in profoundly anemic patients (hyp...
D51 Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia
D51.3 Other dietary vitamin B12 deficiency anemia
D51.8 Other vitamin B12 deficiency anemias
D51.9 Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia, unspecified
E53.8 Deficiency ...
Vitamin B12 deficiency can coexist with other anemia; thus, MCV can be normal, decreased, or increased.
For PA, cyanocobalamin must be lifelong.
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