Vitamin B12 deficiency is related to inadequate intake or absorption of cobalamin.
Cobalamin is critical for central nervous system myelination, red blood cell production, immune cell cytogenesis and ...
Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin present in animal-source foods and foods fortified with vitamin B12.
Dietary vitamin B12 (coba...
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey documented 6.9% and 15% prevalence of B12 deficiency in US adults respectively aged 51–70 and over 70 years (2).
Morbidity incre...
Decreased oral intake
Vegetarians and vegans: Vitamin B12 is found in animal source foods.
Decreased IF
Pernicious anemia (PA): can be associated with autoantibodies directe...
Gastric abnormalities: PA, gastritis, gastrectomy/bariatric surgery
Small bowel disease: malabsorption syndrome, ileal resection, IBD, celiac disease
Pancreatic insufficie...
Asymptomatic; incidental finding of anemia or elevated mean corpuscular volume (MCV).
Neuropsychiatric
Frequent: sensory polyneuritis, paresthesias, positive Babinski sign, weakness, gait unst...
Repleting ...
Hematologic
Reticulocytosis in 1 week
Hemoglobin will usually return to normal in 6 to 8 weeks
Monitor potassium in profoundly anemic patients.
Neur...
D51 Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia
D51.3 Other dietary vitamin B12 deficiency anemia
D51.8 Other vitamin B12 deficiency anemias
D51.9 Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia, unspecified
E53.8 Deficiency ...
Vitamin B12 deficiency can coexist with other anemia; thus, MCV can be normal, decreased, or increased.
Common presenting symptoms include: fatigue, depression, falls, glossitis/loss of...
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