Vitamin D Deficiency

Frank J. Domino, MD Reviewed 06/2022

BASICS

This topic covers the commonly acquired vitamin D deficiency and not type II vitamin D–resistant rickets/type I pseudovitamin D–resistant rickets (both rare autosomal recessive disorders).

DESCRIPTION

DIAGNOSIS

Nonspecific musculoskeletal complaints
Weak antigravity muscles
Fracture with minimal trauma

HISTORY

Senior citizens at risk of falling
Renal disease
GI (malabsorption) disorders; liver dysfunctio...

TREATMENT

Treatment goals remain unclear, but current “normal” 25-OH vitamin D levels are based on suppression of PTH.
Obesity: Treatment of VDD in obesity, especially those who are obese and depressed...

ONGOING CARE

FOLLOW-UP RECOMMENDATIONS

Follow-up of abnormal 25-OH vitamin D not required

DIET

Cod liver oil is most potent source of vitamin D and has ~1,300 IU vitamin D/tablet/tablespoon.
Fatty fish (...

REFERENCES

Forrest KY, Stuhldreher WL. Prevalence and correlates of vitamin D deficiency in US adults. Nutr Res. 2011 Jan;31(1):48-54.

Vinkhuyzen AAE, Eyles DW, Burne THJ, et al. Gestational vitamin ...

CODES

ICD10

E55 Vitamin D deficiency
E55.0 Rickets, active
E55.9 Vitamin D deficiency, unspecified
E64.3 Sequelae of rickets

SNOMED

190646000 Adult osteomalacia due to malnutrition
386072000 Deficiency of vi...

CLINICAL PEARLS

Common risk factors for vitamin D deficiency include inadequate sun exposure or dietary intake; obesity; Black or Hispanic ethnicity; and obesity.
25-OH vitamin D (most sensitive measur...

Subscribe to Access Full Content

START 10-DAY FREE TRIAL

Subscribe Now

Forgot password?

Enter an Access Code

GET CME/CE