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Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Pediatric

Allison M. Ast, MD Reviewed 10/2018
 


BASICS

DESCRIPTION

  • Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) results from a block in differentiation and unregulated proliferation of myeloid progenitor cells.

  • AML is classified according to the World Health Organiz...

DIAGNOSIS

HISTORY

Children with AML can present with very few symptoms or with life-threatening sepsis or hemorrhage. Common symptoms include the following: 
  • Fever: 30–40%

  • Pallor: 25%

  • Weight loss/anorexia...

TREATMENT

MEDICATION

  • Patients are treated with 6 to 9 months of intensive chemotherapy given in cycles.

  • The most effective drugs for remission induction in AML combine anthracyclines (e.g., doxorubicin,...

ONGOING CARE

FOLLOW-UP RECOMMENDATIONS

Patient Monitoring

  • Blood counts monthly for 1st year, every 4 months for the 2nd year, and every 6 months thereafter

  • Liver and kidney function tests every 3 to 6 mo...

ADDITIONAL READING

  • Creutzig U, van den Heuvel-Eibrink M, Gibson B, et al; for AML Committee of the International BFM Study Group. Diagnosis and management of acute myeloid leukemia in children and ado...

CODES

ICD9

  • 205 Acute myeloid leukemia, without mention of having achieved remission

  • 205.01 Acute myeloid leukemia, in remission

  • 205.02 Acute myeloid leukemia, in relapse

ICD10

  • C92.00 Acute myeloblastic leu...

FAQ

  • Q: Is an indwelling line required for therapy?

  • A: The majority of time. There may be exception in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia and coagulopathy.

  • Q: Are repeated hospitalizations likely...

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