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Glomerulonephritis, Pediatric

Nadine M. Khouzam, MD and Kevin V. Lemley, MD, PhD Reviewed 10/2018
 


BASICS

DESCRIPTION

  • Glomerulonephritis presents with the nephritic syndrome: hematuria with RBC casts, hypertension, variable azotemia, and edema. Proteinuria and oliguria may also be present.

  • Acute glom...

DIAGNOSIS

HISTORY

  • Macroscopic hematuria (tea-colored urine) in many

  • Reduced urine output, edema

  • Dyspnea, fatigue, lethargy

  • Headache

  • Seizures (hypertensive encephalopathy)

  • Symptoms of a systemic disease such...

TREATMENT

Aimed toward treating hypertension, renal failure, and the underlying cause of glomerulonephritis. Careful attention to fluid balance and electrolyte abnormalities; may require fluid restric...

ONGOING CARE

FOLLOW-UP RECOMMENDATIONS

In APSGN, improvement usually occurs within 3 to 7 days, hypertension is not sustained, and macroscopic hematuria is transient. Watch for ongoing oliguria, unreso...

ADDITIONAL READING

  • Ahn SY, Ingulli E. Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis: an update. Curr Opin Pediatr.  2008;20(2):157–162. [View Abstract on OvidInsights]

  • Lau KK, Wyatt RJ. Glomeruloneph...

CODES

ICD9

  • 583.9 Nephritis and nephropathy, not specified as acute or chronic, with unspecified pathological lesion in kidney

  • 580.9 Acute glomerulonephritis with unspecified pathological lesion in kidne...

FAQ

  • Q: When do serum complement levels return to normal in APSGN?

  • A: Serum complement levels (C3) return to normal within a 6- to 8-week period in APSGN. Persistently low C3 levels suggest a cause othe...

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