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Graves Disease, Pediatric

Adda Grimberg, MD Reviewed 10/2018
 


BASICS

DESCRIPTION

Multisystem autoimmune disorder that presents with the classic triad of hyperthyroidism (goiter), exophthalmos, and dermopathy (rare in children) 

EPIDEMIOLOGY

  • Female > male (4 to 5...

DIAGNOSIS

ALERT

Thyroid storm can constitute an endocrinologic medical emergency.

 

HISTORY

  • Growth acceleration that can be associated with precocious puberty (Hyperthyroidism can accelerate the bone age....

TREATMENT

GENERAL MEASURES

Avoid caffeine. 

MEDICATION

ALERT
  • Antihistamines and cold medications may worsen sympathetic nervous system symptoms.

  • Stopping antithyroid drugs because of low thyroxine values w...

ONGOING CARE

PATIENT EDUCATION

Stop exercising immediately if palpitations develop; patients may need letters for their physical education teachers or coaches. 

PROGNOSIS

  • Good, if adherent with treatment

  • ...

ADDITIONAL READING

  • Aversa T, Valenzise M, Salerno M, et al. Metamorphic thyroid autoimmunity in Down syndrome: from Hashimoto’s thyroiditis to Graves’ disease and beyond. Ital J Pediatr.  2015;41...

CODES

ICD9

  • 242.00 Toxic diffuse goiter without mention of thyrotoxic crisis or storm

  • 242.01 Toxic diffuse goiter with mention of thyrotoxic crisis or storm

  • 775.3 Neonatal thyrotoxicosis

ICD10

  • E05.00 Thyrot...

FAQ

  • Q: Does Graves disease lead to thyroid cancer?

  • A: No, although controversy surrounds the role of TSH and the closely related TSH-receptor antibodies of Graves disease in thyroid cancer’s incidence ...

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