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Hemoptysis, Pediatric

Stamatia Alexiou, MD and Suzanne E. Beck, MD Reviewed 10/2018
 


BASICS

DESCRIPTION

  • Hemoptysis is the expectoration of blood from the respiratory tract. The term comes from the Greek words haima, meaning blood, and ptysis, meaning spitting.

  • Bleeding from the respirat...

DIAGNOSIS

HISTORY

  • Associated symptoms vary and may include cough, chest pain, rhinorrhea, or dyspnea; anemia; failure to thrive; or there may be none.

  • Distinguish the source of bleeding: nose, mouth, ga...

TREATMENT

GENERAL MEASURES

  • Initial management is supportive and should be aimed at identifying the underlying cause.

  • Blood loss should be replaced using colloidal solutions until red blood cells become ...

ONGOING CARE

PROGNOSIS

  • Depends on the etiology and severity of hemoptysis

    • Massive hemoptysis is fatal in 50–100% of patients receiving conservative treatment.

  • Immediate airway management reduces morbidit...

ADDITIONAL READING

  • Gaude GS. Hemoptysis in children. Indian Pediatr.  2010;47(3):245–254. [View Abstract on OvidInsights]

  • Hurt K, Bilton D. Haemoptysis: diagnosis and treatment. Acute Med.  2...

CODES

ICD9

  • 786.30 Hemoptysis, unspecified

  • 770.3 Pulmonary hemorrhage

  • 786.39 Other hemoptysis

ICD10

  • R04.2 Hemoptysis

  • P26.9 Unsp pulmonary hemorrhage origin in the perinatal period

SNOMED

  • 66857006 Hemoptysis (d...

FAQ

  • Q: What is the most common cause of hemoptysis in children?

  • A: Lower respiratory tract infections are the most common cause, accounting for about 40% of all cases.

  • Q: What initial steps should be ta...

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