A set of criteria has been proposed to diagnose pediatric acute liver failure (ALF).
Biochemical evidence of liver injury due to rapid loss of hepatocyte function
No previous history o...
Age: may suggest possible etiologic subgroup
Toxin exposure: prescription, over-the-counter, herbal, or supplemental medications
Symptoms of viral prodrome (fever)
Travel history, exposu...
Close monitoring, preferably in an ICU setting with a liver transplant program
General supportive care:
Fluid restriction: 75–95% of maintenance requirements to prevent worseni...
Etiology of ALF provides good indicator of prognosis and also dictates management.
One half of pediatric ALF patients will die or receive liver transplant.
Existing liver failure s...
Bass NM, Mullen KD, Sanyal A, et al. Rifaximin treatment in hepatic encephalopathy. N Engl J Med. 2010;362(12):1071–1081. [View Abstract on OvidInsights]
Bucuvalas J, Yazigi N,...
570 Acute and subacute necrosis of liver
K72.00 Acute and subacute hepatic failure without coma
K71.10 Toxic liver disease with hepatic necrosis, without coma
197270009 Acute hepatic...
Q: What are the most common causes of ALF in infants?
A: Up to 40–50% of cases are indeterminate, followed by neonatal hemochromatosis, viral infection, and metabolic disorders.
Q: What is the risk ...
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