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Myocarditis, Pediatric

Jason F. Goldberg, MD, FAAP and Javier J. Lasa, MD, FAAP Reviewed 10/2018
 


BASICS

DESCRIPTION

Myocarditis is defined as an inflammatory disease of heart muscle, diagnosed by histologic and/or immunologic examination. The associated myocardial dysfunction can cause varying cli...

DIAGNOSIS

Signs and symptoms 
  • Prodrome (may occur a few weeks before presentation)

    • Antecedent flulike illness

    • Gastroenteritis

    • Fever

  • Heart failure symptoms

    • Tachypnea, dyspnea

    • Gastrointestinal symptoms: anorex...

TREATMENT

  • Initial management should be based on the clinical presentation. These include the following: bed rest and limited activity (during acute phase).

  • Standard medical regimens for acute care shou...

ONGOING CARE

FOLLOW-UP RECOMMENDATIONS

Patient Monitoring

  • Ongoing surveillance for heart failure signs and symptoms

  • Monitoring for life-threatening arrhythmias

  • Effects of the illness on other systems

    • Nutri...

ADDITIONAL READING

  • Canter CE, Simpson KE. Diagnosis and treatment of myocarditis in children in the current era. Circulation.  2014;129(1):115–128. [View Abstract on OvidInsights]

  • Foerster SR, Can...

CODES

ICD9

  • 429.0 Myocarditis, unspecified

  • 422.91 Idiopathic myocarditis

  • 422.90 Acute myocarditis, unspecified

  • 422.92 Septic myocarditis

  • 422.93 Toxic myocarditis

  • 422.99 Other acute myocarditis

ICD10

  • I51.4 Myoc...

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