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Sinusitis, Pediatric

Esther K. Chung, MD, MPH Reviewed 10/2018
 


BASICS

DESCRIPTION

  • Sinusitis is inflammation of the mucous membranes lining the paranasal sinuses.

  • The term is most commonly used to describe bacterial rhinosinusitis, which is a clinical diagnosis made...

DIAGNOSIS

HISTORY

  • Previous sinusitis, previous antibiotic use, allergies, child care attendance

  • Key symptoms to differentiate from viral URI:

    • Duration of symptoms >10 days or worsening of symptoms aft...

TREATMENT

GENERAL MEASURES

  • Current guidelines support the option of observing children with persistent symptoms, but not those with worsening or severe symptoms, for 3 days before treating with antibio...

ONGOING CARE

FOLLOW-UP RECOMMENDATIONS

Patient Monitoring

  • Immediate referral to appropriate specialists—including pediatric neurology, ophthalmology, and otolaryngology—is indicated if there are CNS sym...

ADDITIONAL READING

  • Brook I. Acute sinusitis in children. Pediatr Clin North Am.  2013;60(2):409–424. [View Abstract on OvidInsights]

  • Chow AW, Benninger MS, Brook I, et al; for Infectious Diseases ...

CODES

ICD9

  • 473.9 Unspecified sinusitis (chronic)

  • 461.9 Acute sinusitis, unspecified

  • 461.1 Acute frontal sinusitis

  • 461.0 Acute maxillary sinusitis

  • 461.2 Acute ethmoidal sinusitis

  • 461.8 Other acute sinusitis

  • 4...

FAQ

  • Q: Are all of the sinuses present at birth?

  • A: No. The maxillary and ethmoid sinuses form during the third and fourth gestational months and are present at birth. They continue to enlarge until the...

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