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Sleep Apnea—Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome, Pediatric

Akinyemi Ajayi, MBBS, FAAP, FCCP, FAASM Reviewed 10/2018
 


BASICS

DESCRIPTION

  • Sleep-disordered breathing encompasses a range of breathing disorders occurring during sleep. These conditions include primary snoring (PS), respiratory events related to arousals (R...

DIAGNOSIS

HISTORY

  • Nocturnal symptoms:

    • Difficulty breathing when asleep, snoring, apnea, and restless sleep with frequent arousals

  • Daytime symptoms:

    • Excessive sleepiness, frequent upper respiratory/ear inf...

TREATMENT

GENERAL MEASURES

  • In most cases, adenotonsillectomy is 1st-line therapy. However, some patients continue to have significant postoperative OSAS that requires further evaluation.

  • Noninvasive ven...

ONGOING CARE

COMPLICATIONS

Complications are due to chronic hypoxemia, hypercarbia, acidosis, as well as impaired sleep and include the following: 
  • Pulmonary hypertension, later cor pulmonale (rare)

  • Syst...

ADDITIONAL READING

  • American Academy of Sleep Medicine. The International Classification of Sleep Disorders: Diagnostic & Coding Manual. 2nd ed. Westchester, IL: American Academy of Sleep Medicin...

CODES

ICD9

  • 780.57 Unspecified sleep apnea

  • 327.23 Obstructive sleep apnea (adult)(pediatric)

  • 327.26 Sleep related hypoventilation/hypoxemia in conditions classifiable elsewhere

  • 327.27 Central sleep apnea i...

FAQ

  • Q: Can my child still have OSAS after adenotonsillectomy?

  • A: Yes. At times, the adenoid tissue can grow back again. In addition, some cases of OSAS are related to a small upper airway that is restr...

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