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Zika Virus

Laura B. Bishop, MD Reviewed 04/2024
 


BASICS

DESCRIPTION

  • Zika virus is a single-stranded RNA arbovirus (family Flaviviridae).

  • Transmitted by Aedes spp. mosquitoes (especially Aedes aegypti), which also transmit dengue and chikungunya.

  • Incuba...

DIAGNOSIS

HISTORY

  • Screen for travel to or residence in an area with active Zika transmission

  • Most infections are asymptomatic. Only 20–25% of patients infected with Zika virus develop symptoms:

    • Fever, my...

TREATMENT

GENERAL MEASURES

  • Usually mild and self-limited infection. Treatment is supportive (1).

  • Avoid aspirin and NSAIDs if dengue is suspected to decrease hemorrhage risk. Acetaminophen is recommende...

ONGOING CARE

  • Zika virus disease is a nationally notifiable disease; healthcare providers are encouraged to report suspected cases to state health departments.

  • Lab-confirmed cases should be reported to ...

REFERENCES

1
Camacho-Concha N, Santana-Román NE, Sánchez NC, et al. Insights into Zika Virus Pathogenesis and Potential Therapeutic Strategies. Biomedicines. 2023;11(12):3316. doi: 10.3390/biomedicine...

CODES

ICD10

A92.5 Zika virus disease 

SNOMED

3928002 Zika virus disease (disorder) 

CLINICAL PEARLS

  • Clinical Zika virus illness is generally mild and self-limited; most infections (>75%) are asymptomatic.

  • Dengue virus can be cocirculating, and the clinical presentation can be simil...

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