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Diabetes in Sports, Sports Medicine

Marwan A. Bakarman, MBBS, FFCM and Fahad Anwer, FCPS, MRCGP (Int.) Reviewed 04/2019
 


BASICS

DESCRIPTION

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease caused by a genetic and/or acquired deficiency of insulin production due to destruction of the islet cells of the pancreas (type 1) or due...

DIAGNOSIS

HISTORY

Known case of diabetes type 1 or type 2 

PHYSICAL EXAM

  • Body mass index (BMI)

  • Vital signs, in particular blood pressure

  • Skin and foot examination in diabetic patients looking for ulceratio...

TREATMENT

GENERAL MEASURES

  • Exercise:

    • Preexercise medical clearance is generally unnecessary for asymptomatic individuals prior to beginning low- or moderate-intensity physical activity not exceeding the...

ONGOING CARE

FOLLOW-UP RECOMMENDATIONS

  • Two primary techniques are available for clinicians and patients to assess glycemic control: patient self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) levels and HbA1C.

  • Cont...

REFERENCES

1
Colberg SR, Sigal RJ, Yardley JE, et al. Physical activity/exercise and diabetes: a position statement of the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care.  2016;39(11):2065–2079.
2
Ame...

CLINICAL PEARLS

  • Patients with DM should be strongly advised to obtain regular exercise or physical activity as part of their management plan for glycemic control, overall health, and prevention of dia...

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