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General Medicine

Obesity and Weight Management, Sports Medicine

David Carfagno, DO, CAQSM and Timothy Perdue, DO Reviewed 04/2019
 


BASICS

DESCRIPTION

  • World Health Organization (WHO) definitions:

    • Overweight = body mass index (BMI) >25

    • Obesity = BMI >30

  • Waist circumference and risk of cardiometabolic disease:

    • >94 cm/37 inches (...

DIAGNOSIS

HISTORY

  • Obtain weight history, diet history, eating patterns, activity history, and mental health history.

  • Search for trigger factors (e.g., medications).

PHYSICAL EXAM

  • Vital signs, including bl...

TREATMENT

MEDICATION

  • Pharmacologic therapy is appropriate for patients as an adjunct to lifestyle interventions to facilitate weight loss and prevent weight regain. Current criteria for the use of phar...

ONGOING CARE

DIET

The U.S. Department of Agriculture puts out the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2015–2020 every 5 yr, last published in 2015. For long-term weight maintenance, individuals should fol...

REFERENCES

1
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Division of nutrition, physical activity, and obesity. https://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpao/index.html. Accessed September 22, 2018.
2
Domecq JP, Pru...

CLINICAL PEARLS

  • Insulin resistance is most closely associated with visceral fat deposition and the release of adipokines and is poorly correlated with BMI.

  • Obesity is not only associated with certain l...

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