Multidirectional instability (MDI) is an increase in glenohumeral translation in more than one direction causing either subluxation (any partial loss of normal articulation) or dislo...
MDI is associated with recurrent or “low-energy” trauma.
Unilateral versus bilateral shoulder problems: 30–70% of patients with MDI have symptoms in the opposite shoulder as well.
MDI o...
Analgesia: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can decrease pain acutely, but long-term analgesic usage typically is not necessary.
Reduction: typically, reduce spon...
Most patients with MDI should be referred for physical therapy. Patients who fail physical therapy can be referred to an orthopedist for consideration of surgical...
Caprise PAJr, Sekiya JK. Open and arthroscopic treatment of multidirectional instability of the shoulder. Arthroscopy. 2006;22(10):1126–1131.
Foster CR. Multidirectional instab...
First-line treatment is prolonged course of physical therapy/independent exercise program with emphasis on strengthening anterior deltoid and rotator cuff muscles for at least 6 mo and...
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