End-stage renal disease (ESRD), the last stage of kidney disease, is defined as kidney disease that has progressed to the requirement of kidney replacement therapy, which can be hemodialysis, p...
In hemodialysis, the bloodstream is cannulated, and blood is extracted from the body where it passes through a dialyzer that has a blood compartment, a compartment for a flui...
Anuria or oliguria
Renal insufficiency
Chronic kidney disease
Patients with ESRD are a distinct population from those with CKD.
ESRD is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are equal therapies fo...
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