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Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Jasmine S. Beria, MPH, DO Reviewed 05/2023
 


BASICS

DESCRIPTION

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)—consists of Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC)—refers to dysregulation of immune-mediated inflammatory responses of the alimentary cana...

DIAGNOSIS

HISTORY

  • CD: chronic diarrhea with or without gross bleeding, crampy abdominal pain, steatorrhea, fatigue, malabsorption and weight loss. Upper GI symptoms may include mouth or gum pain from u...

TREATMENT

  • Treatments are based on patient-specific risk factors, clinical disease severity, risk of complications, and treatment setting (outpatient vs inpatient).

  • Clinical disease severity—Crohn Disea...

ONGOING CARE

FOLLOW-UP RECOMMENDATIONS

Consider postoperative active surveillance via colonoscopy for early detection of endoscopic recurrence within 6 to 12 months of surgically induced remission 

Patient Monitoring

REFERENCES

1
Lamb CA, Kennedy NA, Raine T, et al. British Society of Gastroenterology consensus guidelines on the management of inflammatory bowel disease in adults. Gut. 2019;68:s1-s106.
2
Lichtenstein ...

ADDITIONAL READING

  • Ananthakrishnan AN, Nguyen GC, Bernstein CN. AGA Clinical Practice Update on Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Elderly PATIENTS: Expert Review. Gastro...

SEE ALSO

Crohn Disease; Ulcerative Colitis 

CLINICAL PEARLS

  • History can usually differentiate between UC and CD; Ileocolonoscopy with biopsy is required for diagnosis, to assess disease burden, and to help guide therapy.

  • Symptoms of diarrhea in ...

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